Langerhans' cell histiocytosis: Current trends and the role of the head and neck surgeon

Abstract. Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH)-once called histiocytosis X-is a complex reticuloendothelial disease that often involves the head and neck. We discuss the current nomenclature of this disease and review its pathologic and clinical characteristics, with particular emphasis on the role of the head and neck surgeon. LCH can be challenging to diagnose, and the otolaryngologist must be familiar with its varied presentations.